The Allelopathic Analysis of Melia azedarach Leaf and Berries Extracts on Barley

Abstract

Despite allelopathy's significance for agriculture and ecology, not much is understood about its mechanism or the adaptive tactics used by plants to defend themselves against allelochemicals. In a laboratory trial, the extracts of dry plant parts, such as leaves and berries of Melia azedarach, were used against barley seed varieties (Sanober). The extracts were formed with 0.5, 1, and 1.5g concentrations at different time periods (12, 48, and 72 h). The data was obtained by germination percentage, seedling growth, seedling weight, chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and phytochemical analysis. The order of growth inhibition was observed in berries>leaf. Berries extract showed a more inhibitory effect on seed germination. The seedling length, weight, and chlorophyll a+b were reduced, and antioxidant SOD activity was increased in the root and shoot at different concentrations of berries and leaf extract, with a slight difference as compared to the control. The phytochemical qualitative activity showed that the inhibitory effects in Sanober proved that Melia azedarach had water-soluble allelochemicals such as amino acids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and quinones that were released into the environment and had effects on different attributes of plants.