Enhancing cotton production in Pakistan: Evaluating and addressing challenges in agribusinesses

Abstract

For Pakistan's economy, agriculture, especially cotton, is vital. Seventy percent of the nation's export revenue comes from the cotton crop, which accounts for 0.6 percent of the GDP. However, over the past 20 years, the nation's cotton production and area have decreased, but since 2023, the cotton production has improved. The study explores the various obstacles hindering cotton production in Pakistan and proposes strategies to overcome them. It delves into factors such as outdated farming practices, limited access to modern technology, climate change impacts, and water scarcity affecting cotton cultivation. By analyzing these challenges, the paper aims to provide insights into improving cotton production efficiency and enhancing the livelihoods of cotton farmers in Pakistan. This study uses the primary data to investigate the variables influencing cotton output in the Multan region. The findings showed that all farmer categories in the Multan district were experiencing a shortage of seed, fertilizer, and irrigation. These limited inputs are essential for cotton, and there is an urgent need to focus on the availability of such resources. Recommendations may include implementing modern farming techniques, providing access to advanced technology, addressing climate change vulnerabilities, and managing water resources more effectively.