Enhancing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth through Farmyard Manure Application of Potassium Fertilizer

Abstract

The results of a field experiment on wheat Sindhu revealed that the combined utilization of chemical fertilizers and organic sources of nutrients, such as farmyard manure, led to greater effectiveness in comparison to using chemical fertilizers alone. The experiment employed a split plot design, with specific rates of potassium (0, 60, & 90 kg K₂O ha^-1) as the sub-split, and farmyard manure as the primary division. The soil utilized in the study demonstrated normal levels of pH and electrical conductivity (EC), but exhibited deficiencies in organic matter and Kjeldahl's N. Moreover, the availability of plant nutrients like P and K was found to be marginal. Notably, the investigation concluded that all parameters associated with yield, including. The combined utilization of farmyard manure and potassium (K) rates exhibited a noticeable influence on various aspects of crop growth and nutrient uptake, including seed quality, grain and straw production, K content, and related absorption. The application of 90 kg K₂O ha^-1 and 15 tons of farmyard manure resulted in the highest values for grain yield, phosphorus uptake, and other parameters (excluding plant height and number of spikes per plant). However, statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the combination of 15 tons of farmyard manure with 60 kg K₂O ha^-1 against 10 tons of farmyard manure with 90 kg K₂O ha^-1.According to the study, the maximum efficiency of potassium utilization (3.1 kg kg^-1) was reported when 60 kg of potassium dioxide ha^-1 was mixed with 15 tons of farmyard manure ha^-1. Interestingly, the efficiency remained constant at 3.0 kg kg^-1 when 60 kg K₂O ha^-1 was combined with 10 tons of farmyard manure. Increasing the potassium rate from 60 to 90 kg K₂O ha^-1 and the amount of farmyard manure from 10 to 15 tons ha^-1 did not significantly improve wheat yield or potassium absorption. In conclusion, the findings suggest that utilizing 60 kg K₂O ha^-1 with 10 tons of farmyard manure is a viable approach. However, further research is needed to explore the optimal combination of K rates and farmyard manure quantities for maximizing crop productivity and nutrient uptake.