Biomaterials in Regenerative Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review

Abstract

Loss of cardiac function is caused by the physical damage that a cardiovascular disease inflicts on the heart. While medications can help reduce symptoms, treating the underlying cause of an injury by repairing damaged tissues will benefit patients more in the long run. Cardiovascular surgeons use various techniques, in addition to heart transplants, to repair damaged heart tissue, including the ventricular septal wall and valves. Damaged cardiac tissues are replaced and repaired using a wide range of biomaterials. The two primary types of biomaterials are natural and synthetic. Metals and polymers are among other examples of synthetic materials used in cardiovascular applications. Natural materials come from biological sources, including tissues taken from animals or donated by humans. To maximize the prospects and reduce the negative aspects of both synthetic and natural materials, a new class of composite materials has emerged. These materials give a variety of new and better options for a permanent or a more persistent cure for cardiac diseases. The present and future uses of biomaterials in cardiovascular therapy are reviewed in this article. This study is done to further elaborate and highlight the uses of different materials in regenerative therapy. Its main objective is to focus on commonly used biomaterials and to compare them in different parameters. Regenerative therapy is the future of modern medicine and many new methods are being studied daily for advancement in regenerative therapy. This study focuses on different cardiac diseases and how different materials as a medium of regenerative therapy improve these conditions.